Japan is an extremely poor countries of energy, oil and coal almost all imported. Therefore, Japan attaches great importance to the development of new energy sources, promotion and application. The legal framework, governments, businesses, universities and research institutions in the new energy industry development objectives, technology development, production and promotion, and work together to perform their duties and achieve better results.
Japan in 1997 to implement the new energy law, the definition of new energy sources as well as government, enterprises and related institutions in the development of new energy responsibilities and obligations have made a more detailed provisions. Under the Act, Japan’s new energy mainly refers to as solar energy, wind energy so that less carbon dioxide emissions, can replace oil and coal, contributing to the diversification of energy supply, at the technical level has reached the practical stage, but because of economic constraints and the popularity of not enough, need to be necessary to support all renewable energy.
At this stage, the Japanese support and development of new energy projects to promote power generation and energy use is divided into two categories, a total of a dozen, that is, solar power, wind power, small hydropower, biomass power generation, bio-fuel cells, fuel cells, waste physical power and solar heat, snow and ice thermal, bio-thermal, waste heat, thermal energy and so on.
Japanese government commitment to the development of new energy the main task is to set development goals and scope of preferential policies and subsidies. December 2009 the Japanese government’s new growth strategy to develop the basic principle of proposed building a clean energy superpower goals.
In the framework of strategic objectives, each year the Ministry of Economy under the circumstances, relevant agencies and bodies responsible for organizing the selection to determine research and development, empirical testing, to promote universal access and other aspects of the project and costs, and to include fiscal year budget. In fiscal 2009, for example, Japan in solar energy, wind power, biomass, fuel cells, batteries, hydro and geothermal, hydrogen and other technical research and development, empirical testing and promotion of universal respect there are more than 50 projects, involving about a rough calculation budget 260 billion yen (1 U.S. dollar equals 82 yen), this does not include the tax and other concessions.
Identify specific projects and budgets, how to implement and achieve tangible results is the most crucial part. Japan in this regard is mainly through public bidding, companies and research institutions and local government bodies tender, the expert panel and decided to pay grants and other programs, the consortium by the new energy, new energy into the promotion associations, the popularization of solar power center, the fuel cell Association and other organizations to promote universal implementation of specific organizations. Because the Japanese government established the key technological development and promotion of projects are a summary of the above institutions and related research institutions and corporate advice and recommendations to determine, not only forward-looking and worthy, but in the long run to get bigger economic and social benefits, and therefore can be widely recognized by businesses and users. Thus, despite the limited amount of government-funded subsidies, and the high standard of review, strict procedures, but research institutions and enterprises to participate in the initiative are very high, policy is also very obvious.
For example, the implementation of fiscal 2010 to promote the use of new energy to accelerate the implementation of policy to support the unit, is the popularization of solar power from the center of the implementation of public bidding, in 1-month enrollment period, a total of 562 projects around the country participate in the bidding, the final expert review The Committee reviewed 494 projects received grants eligibility. Similarly, the basis of new energy technology research and development, practical test, the construction of demonstration projects in the areas to do the same procedure.
In addition, those technologies is difficult, time consuming and difficult to be effective in the short term basis for technological research projects, relevant agencies will conduct follow-up survey project, to be funded by year, of course, also subject to strict scrutiny.
Government mentioned objectives, a given item, a policy of non-profit legal agency-specific operations, enterprises and research institutes actively involved in this open and transparent, multilateral cooperation, joint participation, division of responsibilities of the new energy industry development model, it was Japan in the global solar energy, fuel cells and other new energy technologies is the key to leadership.
